This course examines the main evolutionary processes shaping the organization plant and animal genomes. It compares and operates complementary approaches to characterize gene models as well as transposable element in model and non-model organisms. Using adequate tools to identify duplicated sequences and ‘junk DNA’, it will also address how to benefit from genomic variation. A mix of lectures and practical exercises will enable students to take advantage of current approaches to robustly describe and understand Eukaryote genomes. (Recommended after an introduction to sequence assembly.)